Doup heddle loom



June 2, 1936. H. H L JR 2,043i165 boUP HEDDLE LOOM' Filed Sept. 2, 195s 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 DR NA MI June 2, 1936. w. H. HALL. JR

DOUP HEDDLE LOOM Filed Sept. 2, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 2, 1936.

w. H. HALL. JR

DOUP HEDDLE LOOM Filed Sept. 2, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented June 2, 1936 UNITED STATES DOUP HEDI 'LE LOOM William H. Hall, Jr., Trenton, N. -J., assignor to Thermoid Rubber Company, Trenton, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application September 2, 1933, Serial No. 688,019

5 Claims.

This invention relates to the weaving of pile fabrics, such as carpet, on a 100m normally adapted for the weaving of plain non-pile fabrics, such as canvas or asbestos fabric of .the character normally used in the making of brake linings and clutch facings, wherein the sheet or' web of fabric after weaving on the loom is cut and folded to provide a required number of layers or plies in the finished frictionized material.

The loom is of an ordinary type of well known construction including the usual plurality of heddle frames for manipulating the warp threads in forming open sheds for the passage of the shuttle in carrying. a weft thread through the open warp shed in the production of a common one-over-one or a twill weave; and normally is not equipped with any mechanism for forming a pile face on the fabric.

The present invention relates to equipment ward longitudinal movement of the p1le wires l0,

adapted to be incorporated in a loom of the type noted, whereby a plain pile faced fabric may be produced thereon, all as will be fully disclosed hereinafter, reference-being had to the accom- F panying drawings, of which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of 'sufficient of a loom of the type noted to illustrate the operation of the elements of the present invention as applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 1, drawn to an enlarged scale, and illustrating certain parts of the mechanism in positions difiering from those illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a transverse elevation, partly in section, of mechanism shown in Figs. 1 and 2, as

taken on the line 3-3 Fig. 1;

Figs. 3a., 3b, and 3c are small sized details of the cam unit shown in Fig. '3;

Fig. 4 is a. perspective view of a doup heddle and its operating heddles in predetermined relation to a stationary pile wire in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary perspective of the doup and operating heddle-supporting means;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of the support for the rear ends of the stationary pile wires; and

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective view of the support for the front ends of the stationary pile wires.

As shown in the drawings, the loom comprises the usual transversely extending breast beam I, a series of transversely extending heddle frames 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, in the present instance, and a lay 1 provided with the usual reed or comb having a receive a readily removable bar 24 on which the series of dents 8 formed by and between a series of laterally spaced blades 9, 9.

In the present instance the warp in the loom comprises a series of stuffer warp threads s, a series of chainwarps c, a second series of chain 5 warps c and a series of pile warps p, all of which extend longitudinally of the loom through the heddle frames and dents of the reed.

Also extending longitudinally of the loom, through the heddle frames and lay reed, is a series of pile wires l0, ID, the front ends of which terminate adjacent the breast beam I and are each provided with. a head ll, clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 7. Y

Each head I l is provided with a forwardly extending lug or projection l2, which is seated in a horizontal groove [3 formed in the rear face of a bridge beam l4; and a shoulder l5 abutting the rear face of the bridge beam [4, to prevent for.-

lll.

Each of the heads II is provided with a rearwardly extending lug or projection I6 overhanging the forward end of the associated pile wire Ill.

The projection 16, in each instance, is provided with a depending lip H, the underside of which, and the corresponding upper side of the adjacent portion of each pile wire I!) are grooved as indicated at I8 and I9 respectively, to receive a thin removable blade 20. Each blade 20 is provided with a cutting edge 2|, which is disposed at an acute angle to the upper edge of the pile wire. Each blade 20 is shouldered, as indicated at 22, to abut the rear edge of the projection I6, to prevent forward longitudinal movement of the blade relative to the pile wire.

The rear end of each of the pile wires I0 is provided with a slot or eye 23, which is adapted to series of pile wires is threaded. The bar is supported by a rear beam 25 which extends transversely of the loom and is permanently fixed, at its opposite ends, to the side frames 26 of the loom, as indicated in Fig. 6. A staple or hook 21 is provided adjacent each end of the bar 24 and rigidly secured in the rear beam 25, to receive the bar 24 and secure the same in fixed relation to the rear beam 25, each end of the bar 24 being provided. with an opening 28 adapted to receive a cotter pin 29, outside the staple 21, whereby longitudinal movement of the bar 24 is prevented.

The pile wires III, while being stationary, insofar as longitudinal movement in the loom is concerned, are permitted alslight relative lateral movement in the slot l3 at their forward ends and on the bar 24 at their rear ends, to prevent binding of the pile wires against the blades 9 of the reed, as the lay 1 reciprocates intermediate the breast beam and the first of the heddle frames 2.

The front ends of the pile wires l8 may be read ily removed from the supporting slot l3 of the bridge I4 by the removal of a bar 30, the lower surface of which forms the upper surface of the slot I3, which is secured to the bridge beam M by means of bolts 3|, as clearly shown in Fig. '1.

The bridge beam I4 is spaced above the upper face of the breast beam l, to provide a fabric passage or slot 32, by means of blocks 33 disposed at the opposite ends of the bridge beam l4, between the said bridge beam and the said breast beam, the bridge beam H, the blocks 33, and the breast beam I being secured together as a unit by means of screws or bolts 34.

As shown in Fig. 1, the stufl'er warps s are under the control of the heddle frame 6 while the chain warps c and-c are controlled by the heddle frames 4 and 5 respectively. The pile warps p are each under control of a doup heddle 35.

Each doup heddle is under control of a front operating heddle 36, carried by the heddle frame 2, and a rear operating heddle 31, carried by the heddle frame 3. Each doup heddle 35 is of a U-shaped formcomprising a front leg 35a and a rear leg 35b which are joined by a semi-annular portion 350 and a cross element 35:! forming a thread eye 350 at the lower end of each of the doup heddles 35 for the reception of one of the pile warps 17.

As shown in Fig. 4, the upper end of each of the legs 35a and 35b of each doup heddle 35 is slotted, as at 35), for the reception of a pair of supporting bars 38, 38. The bars 38, 38 are integrally joined at their opposite ends, as indicated at 39 in Fig. 5, to provide a common carrier for the doup heddles.

As indicated in Fig. 4, the operating heddle 36 is composed of two substantiallysimilar heddle elements 36a and 362), each of which is provided at its lower end with a slot or eye 360, for the reception of a bar 48. The upper end of each of the heddle elements 36a and 36b is provided with the slot or eye 3611, for the reception of a supporting bar 4|. Intermediate its opposite ends the heddle element 36a is provided with an eye 36c and the heddle element 36b is provided with a laterally offset portion 36f which passes through the eye 36c of the heddle element 38a.

Similarly, the heddle element 31 is composed of substantially similar elements 31a and 31b which are provided at their lower ends respectlvely with eyes 310 for the reception of the supporting bar 42, and at their upper ends with eyes 31d for the reception of the supporting bar 43.

Intermediate its opposite ends the heddle ele-' ment 31a is provided with an eye 31e through which a laterally ofiset portion 311 of the heddle element 31b extends.

As clearly illustrated in Fig. 4, the doup heddle- 35 is disposed intermediate the elements 36a and 36b of the Operating heddle 36 and intermediate the elements 31a and 31b of the operating heddle 31, with the cross-bar 35d of the doup heddle 35 disposed below the laterally offset portions 36f and 31 of the operating heddles 36 and 31 respectively, and, as clearly shown in said figure, the pile warps p is disposed, for example, at the right side of the operating heddle 35 from which shown in Fig. 3.

it passes laterally through the eye 35e of the doup heddle 35, between the operating heddles and 31, to the left side of the said operating heddle 31.

The supporting bars 40 and 4| for the front operating heddles.36 are mounted in the front 5 heddle frame 2, while the supporting bars 42 and 43 of the rear operating heddles 31 are mounted in the rear heddle frame 3.

The heddle frames 2 and 3 respectively comprise upper transverse rails 44 and 45 and lower 10 .axially aligned sheaves 58, 58, with their opposite ends 59, 59 respectively connected to horizontally disposed longitudinally movable operating bars 60, 60, only the front one of which is The operating bars 68, 60 are slidably mounted on a cross member 26a of the frame of the loom. Each of the bars 60 is connected at one of its ends to a rocker arm 62 by a link 6|. The rocker arm 30 62 associated with the front heddle frame 2 is connected by a link 63 to an upper arm 64a of a rockable lever 64, which latter is pivotally mounted at 65 to a fixed portion of the loom. The rocker arm 62, associated with the rear heddle frame 3, 35 is connected by a similar link 63 to the upper arm 66a of a rockable lever 66, which is also pivoted at 65 to the frame of the loom.

Each of the lower rails 46 and 41 of the front and rear heddle frames 2 and 3 respectively is provided with straps 61, 61, to which are operatively connected one end of each of a pair of chains 68, 68, the opposite ends 69, 69 of which are operatively connected to lower horizontally slldable operating bars 10 which are mounted on 45 a transverse member 26b of the frame of the loom, said chains passing around sheaves 1|, 1|, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 3.

The lower operating bars 10, for the heddle frames 2 and 3 respectively, are connected by 50 links 13, 13 to lower arms 64b and 66b of levers 64 and 66 respectively.

Rockably mounted on the pivot 65, intermediate the levers 64 and 66, is a thil'd 'lBV8l 15, an upper arm 15a of which is connected by a link 5 16 to one arm 11a of a bell-crank 11, said bellcrank being pivotally mounted at 18 to the transverse member 26a of the frame of the loom. The arm 11a of the bell-crank 11 is connected by a link 16a to one arm 19a of a bell-crank 19, which 0 latter is pivotally mounted at to the said transverse frame member 26a. The second arms 11b and 19b, of the bell cranks 11 and 19, respectively, are connected by links 8|, 8| to the opposite ends respectively of a horizontal bar 82, disposed above 5 the heddle frames 2 and 3 as clearly illustrated in Figs. 1, 3 and 5.

Passing over the top of the supporting bar 82 and extending downwardly at each of the opposite sides thereof. and to the front of the heddle frame 2and to the rear of the heddle frame 3, are strap members of an inverted U-shaped form, the lower ends of the front and rear legs 85a and 85b of which are hooked, as indicated at 84 in Fig. 5, said hooks engaging the bars 38, 75

the stufler warps s in coordination with the weft- 39 which comprise the common carrier for the doup heddles 35.

As shown in Figs. 3, 3a, 3b and 3c, the levers 94, 55, and I are adapted to be rocked in predetermined timed relation with respect to each other by cams 90, 9| and 92 respectively, all of which are secured to a common cam shaft 93 which is rotatably mounted on and at one side of the loom and which is driven in predetermined timed relation to the lay and shuttle-operating mechanism of the loom, in the usual manner.

The levers 5|, 55 and 15 are provided with projecting arms 64c, 55c and 150 respectively, which at their outer ends carry cam followers 94d, 66d and 15d respectively.

The cam 99 is provided with dwell portions 90b, 90b of the cam surface or groove which are concentric to the axis of the shaft 93 and alternate with radially depressed cam surface or grooved portions 90a, 99a. The groove of the cam 9| is provided with similar dwell portions 9lb,'9lb

which alternate with the active radially depressed portions 9la, 9la.

The cams 99 and 9i are secured to the shaft 93 in ninety degree relation to each other, that is, the dwell portions 9lb, 9lb of the cam 9| are aligned with the active cam portions 90a, 90a of the cam 90, and the dwell portions 99b, 90b of the cam 99 are aligned with the active portions 9la, 9| 1: of the cam 9|. While each of the earns 90 and 9| is provided with two dwell or high portions, radially speaking with respect to the axis of the shaft 93, the cam 92 is provided with four radially high portions 92b, which alternate with four radially depressed portions 92a. 92a, the radially high portions 92b of.- the cam 92 being aligned with the opposite ends of the dwell portions 99b and 9": of the cams 99 and 9| respectively where the said ends of the dwell portions of the cams 99 and 9| overlap one with the other, circumferentially speaking.

With the cams 99, 9| and 92 in such relation to each other on the cam shaft 93 and the cam followers fld, 65d and 15d, respectively, in the positions shown in Figs. 3 to 30 inclusive, the heddle frames 2 and 3 and the doupheddle carrier 38 are all in raised positions illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3. I

Upon rotation of the cam shaft 93, in the'direction of the arrow in Fig. 3, the cam follower 64d will ride out of the dwell portion 90b of the cam 90 into the first active or depressed portion 90a, thereby rocking the lever 64 and effecting a lowering of the front heddle'frame 2, the rear heddle frame 3 remaining in its elevated position by reason of the cam follower-56d remaining in the dwell portion 9lb of the cam 9!. At the same time the cam follower 15d rides from the high portion 92b of the cam' 92 into the active portion 92a of the said cam 92, permitting the doup heddle carrier," to drop in synchronism with the front operating heddle frame 2. Dropping of the heddle frame 2 eifects lowering of the front operating heddles 35, whereby the offset portions 35 of. said operating heddles engage the cross bar 3511 of the doup heddles 35, whereby the doup heddles and the pile warps p controlled thereby are carried down below and to the right side of the stationary pile wires ill with which the doup heddles are respectively as sociated. a

While the doup heddles 35 are down, the heddle frames 4, 5 and 5 are operated in the usual manner. to control the chain warps c and c and inserting means (not shown) to insert a weft thread in the open warp shed formed by the said warp threads, whereby the pile warps pwill be tied into the fabric at one side of each of the stationary pile wires l0.

As the shaft 93 continues to rotate in the direction of the arrow, the cam follower 640'. will move to the second dwell portion 90b of the cam 99, whereby the front heddle frame 2 is raised to its normal elevated position.

Prior to this invention all commercially operating doup heddles have been returned to their normal elevated positions by means of springs, and due to friction of the warp threads against the doup heddles, which is a factor that varies with conditions in the particular loom with which the doup heddles are associated, the doup heddles frequently stuck in the lower positions, causing smashes and damage to the fabric and the loom elements, due to the fact that when the operating frames rise the tension of the springs controlling the doup heddles is not sufficient to raise the doup heddles accordingly.

In the present instance and according to the present invention, when the front heddle frame 2 rises the common carrier 38 for the doup hed-' dies 35 will also be positively raised by the cam follower 15d riding into the second of the high portions 921) of the cam path in the cam 92, which rocks the bell-cranks TI and I9 and through t e positive linkage connecting said bell-cranks with the carrier 33 positively raises the doup heddles 35 to their normal elevated positions.

The cam follower 56d then rides out of the dwell portion 9"; of the cam 9| and into the active portion 9la of said cam, whereby the rear heddle frame 3 is lowered, consequently lowering therear operating heddles 31, by which the cross or offset portions heddles engage the cross bars 35d of the doup heddles 35 and carry said doup heddles and the pile threads p controlled thereby down to the left side of each of the corelated pile .wires l0, whereby the pile threads p are formed into loops p transversely-of and around the upper edges of the pile wires Ill. The heddle frames 4, 5 and 6 and the weft-inserting mechanism is then operated again to tie thepile threads p into the fabric at the left side of the pile wires Ill, whereupon the cam follower 66d again rides on to one of the high portions 9Ib of the cam 9|, thereby raising the rear operating heddle frame 3 to its normal elevated position. At the same time the cam follower 15d rides on to another of the high portions 921) of the cam 92, thereby positively rasin'g the carrier 38 and all of the doup heddles 35 connected thereto.

During the falling and rising movementsof the frame 2, the frame 3 is held in its normal elevated position by reason of the cam follower 66d riding one of the high portions MD of the cam 9|; and during the rising and falling movements of the frame 3 the frame 2 is held in its normal elevated position, by reason of the cam follower 64d beSng under control of one of the high or dwell portions 991) of the cam 90, while the doup heddle carrier 38 rises and falls with 31! of said operating each of the said corresponding movements of the left of the pile wires 10. After each lowering of the doup heddles the same are positively raised by the positively acting mechanism including the cam 92, the doup heddle carrier 38, and the intermediate linkage.

Each time a course of pile loops p is formed over the pile wires ID the lay l beats-up the weft thread by which the pile loops are tied into the fabric, which advances the fabric and the pile loops longitudinally of the pile wires l0 bringing the pile loops into engagement with the cutting edge 2| of the pile cutting blades 20, whereby the loops p are cut; and by the beat-up movements of the lay I the finished fabric is passed through the slot 32 formed between the bridge beam l4 and the breast beam l. It will be understood that the heddle frames 4, 5 and 6 are operated by cams similar to those described, the cams for the frames 4, 5 and 6 having predetermined cam paths for operating the said heddle frames in the proper order and manner coordinately with the cams 90, 9| and 92, for producing the weave of the foundation of the fabric F with which the pile loops p are incorporated.

I claim:

1. In a loom comprising a series of heddle frames, the combination therewith of a series of stationary pile wires extending through the heddle frames, a series of doup heddles respectively associated with and normally disposed above the pile wires, a pair of actuating heddles operatively connected to each doup heddle and to a pair of said heddle frames respectively, a pair of cams having alternating and relatively staggered dwell and active cam surfaces alternately raising and lowering said pair of heddle frames to lower the doup heddles first on one and then on the opposite side of the respectively associated pile wires, and a cam having active cam surfaces coinciding respectively with each of the active frame raising cam surfaces of the first said cams for raising the doup heddles after each lowering thereof, and idling surfaces coincident with the active frame-lowering cam surfaces of the first said cams to permit said heddle frames to lower said doup heddles without interruption by the doup heddle raising means.

2. In a loom comprising a series of heddle frames, the combination therewith of a series of pile formers extending through the heddle frames, a series of doup heddles respectively associated with and normally disposed above the pile formers, a pair of actuating heddles operatively connected to each doup heddle and to a pair of said heddle frames respectively, means alternately operating said pair of heddle frames to lower the doup heddle first on one and then on the opposite side of the respectively associatedpile formers, positive acting means for raising the doup heddles after each lowering thereof, comprising a cam, a lever having a cam follower co-functioning with said cam, a common carrier for and by which all of said doup heddles are normally supported, a bell-crank pivotally mounted above said common carrier, means operatively connecting one arm of said bell-crank to the common carrier, and means operatively connecting the second arm of the bell-crank to said lever.

3. In a loom comprising a series of heddle frames, the combination therewith of a series of pile formers extending through the heddle frames, a series of doup heddles respectively associated-with and normally disposed above the pile formers, a pair of actuating heddles operatively connected to each doup heddle and to a pair of said heddle frames respectively, means alternately operating said pair of heddle frames to lower the doup heddle first on one and then on the opposite side of the respectively associated pile formers, positive acting means for raising the doup heddles after each lowering thereof, comprising a cam, a lever having a cam follower cofunctioning with said cam, a common carrier for and by which all of said doup heddles are normally supported, a pair of bell-cranks pivotally mounted in spaced relation to each other above and substantially in the plane of the common carrier for the doup heddles, means operatively connecting one arm of each of said bell-cranks to the common carrier, a link operatively connecting the second arms of the bell-cranks, and a link connecting said lever with one of the arms of one of said bell-cranks.

doup heddles after each lowering thereof, comprising a cam, a lever having a cam follower cofunctioning with said cam, a common carrier for said doup heddles operable within the actuating heddle frames adjacent said actuating heddles, a bar disposed above and horizontally parallel to said heddle frames, straps connecting said bar to said common carrier in spaced relation longitudinally of the bar, and means operatively connecting said bar to said lever.

5. In a loom comprising a series of heddle frames, the combination therewith of a series of pile formers extending through the heddle frames, a-series of doup heddles respectively associated with and normally disposed above the pile formers, a pair of actuating heddles operatively connected to each doup heddle and to a pair of said heddle frames respectively, means alternately operating said pair of heddle frames to lower the doup heddle first on one and then on the opposite side of the respectively associated pile formers, positive acting means for raising the doup heddles after each lowering thereof, comprising a cam, a lever having a cam follower cofunctioning with said cam, a common carrier for said doup heddles operable within the actuating heddle frames adjacent said actuating heddles, a

' bar disposed above and horizontally parallel to said heddle frames, straps connecting said bar to said common carrier in spaced relation longitudinally of the bar, a pair of relatively spaced and pivotally mounted bell-cranks above said horizontal bar, a pair of links operatively connecting the opposite ends of the bar to one arm of each of the bell-cranks, a link operatively connecting the second arms of said bell-cranks, and a link operatively connecting the said second arm of one of said bell-cranks with said lever.

WILLIAM H. HALL, JR. 

